[
  {
    "id": "bach-y-rita-2003",
    "year": 2003,
    "title": "Sensory substitution and the human–machine interface",
    "authors": "P. Bach-y-Rita & S. W. Kercel",
    "venue": "Trends in Cognitive Sciences",
    "doi": "10.1016/j.tics.2003.10.013",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2003.10.013",
    "role": "Sensory substitution foundation",
    "finding": "Reviews how information delivered through one sensory channel can support functions ordinarily associated with another, grounding the distinction between carrier signal and acquired perceptual use."
  },
  {
    "id": "ivanchenko-2007",
    "year": 2007,
    "title": "Visual learning by cue-dependent and cue-invariant mechanisms",
    "authors": "V. Ivanchenko & R. A. Jacobs",
    "venue": "Vision Research",
    "doi": "10.1016/j.visres.2006.09.028",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.visres.2006.09.028",
    "role": "Cue-independent transfer precedent",
    "finding": "Separates learning tied to a particular display cue from learning that generalizes across cues, directly motivating cross-encoding transfer as the critical ELSEWHERE test."
  },
  {
    "id": "aflalo-2008",
    "year": 2008,
    "title": "Four-Dimensional Spatial Reasoning in Humans",
    "authors": "T. N. Aflalo & M. S. A. Graziano",
    "venue": "Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance",
    "doi": "10.1037/0096-1523.34.5.1066",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1037/0096-1523.34.5.1066",
    "role": "Direct 4D navigation evidence",
    "finding": "Participants learned path integration in a computer-generated four-dimensional maze and could point back toward an occluded origin."
  },
  {
    "id": "ambinder-2009",
    "year": 2009,
    "title": "Human four-dimensional spatial intuition in virtual reality",
    "authors": "M. S. Ambinder et al.",
    "venue": "Psychonomic Bulletin & Review",
    "doi": "10.3758/PBR.16.5.818",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.3758/PBR.16.5.818",
    "role": "Direct 4D judgment evidence",
    "finding": "Participants made length and angle judgments that incorporated information from a fourth spatial dimension; the inferred representation was visual rather than algebraic, but primitive and short-lived."
  },
  {
    "id": "ding-2011",
    "year": 2011,
    "title": "Recovery of stereopsis through perceptual learning in human adults with abnormal binocular vision",
    "authors": "J. Ding & D. M. Levi",
    "venue": "PNAS",
    "doi": "10.1073/pnas.1105183108",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1105183108",
    "role": "Adult binocular plasticity",
    "finding": "Adults long deprived of normal binocular vision recovered substantial stereopsis after demanding perceptual training, with transfer to untrained tests and reports of depth beginning to pop out."
  },
  {
    "id": "kaspar-2014",
    "year": 2014,
    "title": "The experience of new sensorimotor contingencies by sensory augmentation",
    "authors": "K. Kaspar et al.",
    "venue": "Consciousness and Cognition",
    "doi": "10.1016/j.concog.2014.06.006",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2014.06.006",
    "role": "Novel sensorimotor contingency evidence",
    "finding": "After seven weeks with a vibrotactile magnetic-north belt, the signal increasingly functioned as spatial information and changed navigation strategies and subjective spatial experience."
  },
  {
    "id": "koenig-2016",
    "year": 2016,
    "title": "Learning New Sensorimotor Contingencies: Effects of Long-Term Use of Sensory Augmentation on the Brain and Conscious Perception",
    "authors": "S. König et al.",
    "venue": "PLOS ONE",
    "doi": "10.1371/journal.pone.0166647",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0166647",
    "role": "Long-term augmentation and neural adaptation",
    "finding": "Long-term use of the feelSpace belt was associated with behavioral, experiential, and neural changes consistent with learning a new sensorimotor contingency."
  },
  {
    "id": "vedamurthy-2016",
    "year": 2016,
    "title": "Recovering stereo vision by squashing virtual bugs in a virtual reality environment",
    "authors": "I. Vedamurthy et al.",
    "venue": "Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B",
    "doi": "10.1098/rstb.2015.0264",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2015.0264",
    "role": "Perception-for-action stereo learning",
    "finding": "Action-directed VR training increased stereo cue use and transferred to laboratory stereoacuity measures, supporting embodied calibration rather than passive cue exposure alone."
  },
  {
    "id": "ogmen-2020",
    "year": 2020,
    "title": "Perception, Cognition, and Action in Hyperspaces: Implications on Brain Plasticity, Learning, and Cognition",
    "authors": "H. Öğmen, K. Shibata & A. Yazdanbakhsh",
    "venue": "Frontiers in Psychology",
    "doi": "10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03000",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.03000",
    "role": "Hyperspace interface and plasticity programme",
    "finding": "Frames computer-generated hyperspaces as experimental environments for studying whether perception, action, and plasticity can adapt beyond familiar dimensional constraints."
  },
  {
    "id": "collins-2021",
    "year": 2021,
    "title": "Expertise and Experience in VR-supported learning: Achieving a deep non-verbal comprehension of four-dimensional space",
    "authors": "J. Collins, H. Regenbrecht & T. Langlotz",
    "venue": "International Journal of Human–Computer Studies",
    "doi": "10.1016/j.ijhcs.2021.102649",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhcs.2021.102649",
    "role": "Interactive 4D learning evidence",
    "finding": "Interactive VR experience and theoretical knowledge contributed differently to learning; the study reports evidence consistent with non-verbal comprehension of four-dimensional structure."
  },
  {
    "id": "godinez-2021",
    "year": 2021,
    "title": "Scaffolding depth cues and perceptual learning in VR to train stereovision",
    "authors": "A. Godinez et al.",
    "venue": "Scientific Reports",
    "doi": "10.1038/s41598-021-89064-z",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-89064-z",
    "role": "VR, binocular scaffolding, action",
    "finding": "A VR protocol combining cue scaffolding, dichoptic tasks, large disparities, and perception-for-action improved in-game performance and transferred to stereoacuity tests."
  },
  {
    "id": "netzer-2021",
    "year": 2021,
    "title": "Backward spatial perception can be augmented through a novel visual-to-auditory sensory substitution algorithm",
    "authors": "O. Netzer et al.",
    "venue": "Scientific Reports",
    "doi": "10.1038/s41598-021-88595-9",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-88595-9",
    "role": "Adult spatial-field augmentation",
    "finding": "A visual-to-auditory substitution mapping enabled adults to localize objects in normally unseen space behind the body after brief training."
  },
  {
    "id": "feelspace-2023",
    "year": 2023,
    "title": "Improved Spatial Knowledge Acquisition through Sensory Augmentation",
    "authors": "S. U. König et al.",
    "venue": "Brain Sciences",
    "doi": "10.3390/brainsci13050720",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.3390/brainsci13050720",
    "role": "Controlled navigation benefit",
    "finding": "Six weeks of cardinal-direction augmentation improved cardinal and survey knowledge in a naturalistic VR environment and changed reported navigation strategies."
  },
  {
    "id": "beyeler-2025",
    "year": 2025,
    "title": "Bionic Vision as Neuroadaptive XR: Closed-Loop Perceptual Interfaces for Neurotechnology",
    "authors": "M. Beyeler",
    "venue": "arXiv",
    "doi": "arXiv:2508.05963",
    "url": "https://arxiv.org/abs/2508.05963",
    "role": "Adaptive perceptual-interface design",
    "finding": "Proposes co-adaptation between device and brain rather than merely increasing display fidelity, framing novel perception as a closed-loop XR design problem."
  },
  {
    "id": "liu-2026",
    "year": 2026,
    "title": "Feeling “wow” in learning: the effects of virtual reality exhibition environments on emotions and learning",
    "authors": "C.-Y. Liu, M.-Y. Hung & J.-H. Lin",
    "venue": "Frontiers in Virtual Reality",
    "doi": "10.3389/frvir.2026.1780961",
    "url": "https://doi.org/10.3389/frvir.2026.1780961",
    "role": "Awe as an experimental variable",
    "finding": "Investigates how perceptual vastness and accommodation mediate awe, learning, and well-being in VR exhibition environments."
  }
]